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Unless they alter their course and there's no reason why they should, they'll reach your plantation in two days at the latest."

Leiningen sucked placidly at a cigar about the size of a corncob and for a few seconds gazed without answering at the agitated District Commissioner. Then he took the cigar from his lips, and leaned slightly forward. With his bristling grey hair, bulky nose, and lucid eyes, he had the look of an aging and shabby eagle.

"Decent of you," he murmured, "paddling all this way just to give me the tip. But you're pulling my leg of course when you say I must do a bunk. Why, even a herd of saurians couldn't drive me from this plantation of mine."

The Brazilian official threw up lean and lanky arms and clawed the air with wildly distended fingers. "Leiningen!" he shouted. "You're insane! They're not creatures you can fight--they're an elemental--an 'act of God!' Ten miles long, two miles wide--ants, nothing but ants! And every single one of them a fiend from hell; before you can spit three times they'll eat a full-grown buffalo to the bones. I tell you if you don't clear out at once there'll he nothing left of you but a skeleton picked as clean as your own plantation."

Leiningen grinned. "Act of God, my eye! Anyway, I'm not an old woman; I'm not going to run for it just because an elemental's on the way. And don't think I'm the kind of fathead who tries to fend off lightning with his fists either. I use my intelligence, old man. With me, the brain isn't a second blindgut; I know what it's there for. When I began this model farm and plantation three years ago, I took into account all that could conceivably happen to it. And now I'm ready for anything and everything--including your ants."

The Brazilian rose heavily to his feet. "I've done my best," he gasped. "Your obstinacy endangers not only yourself, but the lives of your four hundred workers. You don't know these ants!"
Given how often this story has been adapted and anthologized, it’s surprising we never read it in school. I just happened to stumble into this terrific radio play from the old show, Escape, that features William Conrad as Leiningen But the story is freely available on-line as well, including at Esquire where it was originally published in English.

Note that it was translated, because Stephenson was Austrin-German and had published the year before in Germany. In fact, it turns out the story may have been plumbing Nazi themes (Stephenson was a Party member):
Around the same time, the German entomologist Wilhelm Goetsch had published Die Staaten der Ameisen (1937) and his book was doubtless read by Stephenson who included Goetsch as a character in his Marabunta. In his 1937 edition Goetsch ended his book with a line that indicated that ants were a model for humans to emulate. It ended with a line “in dem der eine schweigend verzichtet, der andere freudig opfert und gibt” (“some quietly renounce while others joyfully sacrifice and give”) which was taken from Hitler's Mein Kampf.
    -WIKIPEDIA: Carl Stephenson (writer)
So, that’s pretty creepy. While there are a few too many references to Leinengen as the master of the Indians who work his plantation, I only found one line even dubious: “such disasters, Leiningen contended, merely strengthened his argument that intelligence, directed aright, invariably makes man the master of his fate.” We know all too well where that sort of Rationalist twaddle leads and the fires Leiningen uses to incinerate the masses of ants can obviously seem metaphorical now. But the story stands on its own and is entertaining enough we probably need not cancel it.


(Reviewed:)

Grade: (B)


Websites:

See also:

Short Stories
Carl Stephenson Links:

    -WIKIPEDIA: Carl Stephenson (writer)
    -WIKIPEDIA: Leiningen Versus the Ants
    -ORIGINAL STORY: (Carl Stephenson, December 11/1/1938, Esquire)
   
-STORY: Leiningen Versus the Ants (Carl Stephenson, 1938, Esquire)
    -AUDIO: B. J. Harrison Reads Leiningen vs. the Ants
    -RADIO PLAY: Leiningen Versus The Ants (Escape, January 14th, 1948)
    -RADIO PLAY: Leiningen Versus the Ants (Suspense, 8/25/57)
    -STUDY GUIDE: Leiningen Versus the Ants (eNotes)
    -STUDY GUIDE: Leiningen Versus the Ants (Super Summary)
    -STUDY GUIDE: Leiningen Versus the Ants (American Literature)
    -STUDY GUIDE: Leiningen Versus the Ants (Writing Forums, Short Story Club)
    -STUDY GUIDE: Leiningen Versus the Ants (TV Tropes)
    -ESSAY: A Green Hell Makes Better Germans: Carl Stephenson’s “Leiningen” and the Almost Aryan Countertextual Army Ants (Geoffrey Winthrop-Young, 13 Dec 2021, The Germanic Review)
    -ESSAY: A Lesson in Leadership (Collegiate School, 12/13/2017)
    -ESSAY: Conservative Hopefulness in ‘Leiningen’ (Luther Ray Abel, October 14, 2022, National Review)
    -ESSAY: Leiningen versus The Ants Redux (Joseph Lstiburek, May 01, 2012, Building Science)
    -ESSAY: Naked Jungle: Leiningen Versus the Ants (G. W. Thomas, 5/31/20, Dark Worlds Quarterly)
    -ESSAY: Von Mohl Vs. The Ants! or, Leinigen Retold (Bob Gay, Famous and Forgotten Fiction)

FILM:

    -FILMOGRAPHY: Carl Stephenson (IMDB)
    -FILMOGRAPHY: THe Naked Jungle (1954) (IMDB)
    -WIKIPEDIA: Naked Jungle
    -ENTRY: The Naked Jungle (TCM)
    -
   
-RADIO PLAY: Naked Jungle (Lux Radio Theater, 1954 )
    -FILM REVIEW: The Naked Jungle (Bosley Crowther, NY Times)

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