Taras Bulba (1839)
Main Entry: 1ep·ic
Pronunciation: 'e-pik
Function: adjective
Etymology: Latin epicus, from Greek epikos, from
epos word, speech, poem -- more at VOICE
Date: 1589
1 : of, relating to, or having the characteristics
of an epic
2 a : extending beyond the usual or ordinary especially
in size or scope <his genius was epic --
Times Literary Supplement> b : HEROIC
Usually when you think of an epic, you think of a 600 page doorstop tracing thirty or forty years in the lives of myriad characters. But Taras Bulba is epic in scope, not size. Gogol loved The Ukraine and was fiercely nationalist; his mission was to become "the Thucydides of Little Russia." In that spirit, he spent nine years writing this slender but impassioned political polemic, one of the most thrilling and moving great novels ever written.
In 1569, dominion over The Ukraine passed to Poland. The Polish overlords promptly tried stamping out Ukrainian culture by savagely exploiting the peasantry, outlawing the Ukrainian language and imposing Catholicism and Papal supremacy on the Orthodox population. In response, Ukrainians flocked to join the military brotherhood known as the Cossacks of the Zaporozhian Setch. The Cossacks, essentially a wild cross between mercenary crusaders and highwaymen, became the focus of resistance to the Poles, the Turks and the Crimean Tatars.
The novel tells the story of the aging warrior Taras Bulba who, with his sons Ostap and Andrei, sallies forth to join the the Setch:
Taras was one of the band of old-fashioned leaders;
he was born for warlike emotions, and was
distinguished for his uprightness of character.
At that epoch the influence of Poland had already
begun to make itself felt upon the Russian nobility.
Many had adopted Polish customs, and began to
display luxury in splendid staffs of servants, hawks,
huntsmen, dinners, and palaces. This was not
to Taras's taste. He liked the simple life
of the Cossacks, and quarrelled with those of his
comrades who were inclined to the Warsaw party,
calling them serfs of the Polish nobles. Ever on
the alert, he regarded himself as the legal protector
of the orthodox faith. He entered despotically
into any village where there was a general complaint
of oppression by the revenue farmers and of
the addition of fresh taxes on necessaries. He and
his Cossacks executed justice, and made it a rule
that in three cases it was absolutely necessary
to resort to the sword. Namely, when the
commissioners did not respect the superior officers
and stood before them covered; when any
one made light of the faith and did not observe
the customs of his ancestors; and, finally, when the
enemy were Mussulmans or Turks, against whom he
considered it permissible, in every case, to
draw the sword for the glory of Christianity.
By the time the story ends, both Bulba's sons will lie dead, one having betrayed the cause for the love of a Polish girl and the other tortured to death before his eyes by the enemy, Taras Bulba will sacrifice himself to save his men and the fight for independence will lie in tatters.
Gogol's impossibly romantic adventure was as much a jingoistic propaganda
piece for his own time as an elegy for a way of life that had passed.
But it works on both levels and is surely one of the most exciting masterpieces
in world literature. It is simply outrageous that this great novel
is not currently in print in English (the link above is to a used
book site where copies are available.) But whether you read it
online
or find an old copy, I urge you to seek it out and read it. you won't
be disappointed.
(Reviewed:19-Dec-99)
Grade: (A+)
